The maximum-paths Command and BGP Decision Process Tiebreakers

The goal of the BGP decision tree is to find the one best BGP route to each NLRI, from that router’s perspective. That router then considers only its best routes for advertising to other routers, restricting those routes based on AS_PATH loop prevention and routing policy configuration. That router also attempts to add that best route, and that best route only, to its IP routing table. In fact, as long as another routing source has not found a route to the same prefix, with..

Defining the Router ID and Loopback Interfaces

The router needs an ID to participate in the OSPF domain. The router ID is used to identify LSAs in the OSPF database. The router ID can be defined by an administrator or left to the discretion of the router. Most people define the ID so that it is easier to track events in the network, for internal documentation, and for other system-administration purposes.  The OSPF router ID can be defined by the router-id command. If the router-id command is not present, then the ..

Tuning Shaping for Voice Using LLQ and a Small Tc

Example 16-1 in the previous section shows default settings for queuing for the interface software queues (WFQ) and for the shaping queue (FIFO). Example 16-2 shows an alternative configuration that works better for voice traffic by using LLQ for the shaped traffic. Also, the configuration forces the Tc down to 10 ms, which means that each packet will experience only a short delay waiting for the beginning of the next Tc. By keeping Tc to a small value, the LLQ logic applied ..

The Abilities and Limitations of TCP/IP

TCP/IP is a communications protocol that fits in the middle of a larger set of mechanisms. TCP/IP provides the linkage between communicating software applications and a physical network that carries messages sent by computers to other computers or devices. In this regard, TCP/IP complements and extends the capability of a physical network, but can't work without that network. Although TCP/IP does blur across some boundaries, it actually fits between the application software, ..

Redistributing Static Routes into OSPF

To redistribute static routes into an OSPF process, use the redistribute static configuration command: Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.Router1(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 172.22.1.4Router1(config)#ip route 172.24.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.22.1.4Router1(config)#ip route 10.100.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.22.1.4Router1(config)#router ospf 55Router1(config-router)#redistribute static     % Onl..