MVPN Configuration Guidelines and Restrictions
When configuring MVPN, follow these guidelines and restrictions: • All PE routers in the multicast domain need to be running a Cisco IOS software image that supports the MVPN feature. There is no requirement for MVPN support on the P and CE routers. • Support for IPv4 multicast traffic must also be enabled on all backbone routers. • The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routing protocol must be configured and operational on all routers supporting multicast traffic. In add..
Becoming Neighbors: The Hello Process
Hello messages perform three major functions: ■ Discover other OSPF-speaking routers on common subnets ■ Check for agreement on some configuration parameters ■ Monitor health of the neighbors to react if the neighbor fails To discover neighbors, Cisco OSPF routers listen for multicast Hello messages sent to 224.0.0.5— the All OSPF Routers multicast address—on any interfaces that have been enabled for OSPF. The Hellos are sourced from that rout..
Understanding the IS-IS Area Concepts
Routers with common area IDs belong to the same area. By the nature of its addressing system, IS-IS forces this hierarchy. IS-IS has two layers of hierarchy: level 1 and level 2 (backbone). The backbone must be contiguous. In IS -IS, the area border is on the links instead of the router. Routers that connect multiple areas maintain two separate link-state databases: one for level 1 areas, and the other for level 2 areas. The routers also run two separate SPF algorithms. ..
RSVP-DiffServ integration provides a translation between RSVP and DiffServ technologies that is intended to leverage the strengths of each model. RSVP is used for bandwidth reservation at the edge of the network (where there are fewer flows and the most bandwidth constraints), but DiffServ is used over the backbone network so that the backbone routers do not have to keep per-flow states. This topology is shown in Figure 8-4. Figure 8-4. RSVP-DiffServ Integration [View full s..
IPv6 Route Filtering and Metric Manipulation in RIP
There are several types of route filtering available with RIP and IPv6. The first is a simple summary address, which you can configure on the interface that will be sending this summary information: Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router1(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIP_PROC summary-address AAAA:99::8:0/109 Router1(config-if)#exit Router1(config)#end Router1# In addition to summ..
