Point-to-Point Configuration over NBMA

The point-to-point configuration requires an IP subnet for every link. This is the recommended way to run IS-IS over NBMA and the only way to do it on anything less than a full mesh.  The configuration is simpler, because the link is point-to-point and there is no need to configure frame-relay map commands.  As shown in Example 10-6, it is only necessary to create subinterfaces, configure those interfaces as point-to-point, start Frame Relay, and define the DLCI..

The NOTIFICATION Message and BGP Errors

Notification messages are sent in response to a BGP error condition. These include protocol errors such as malformed updates, confusion in the BGP state machine, or even unsupported options. After sending the NOTIFICATION, the sender closes the TCP connection and both peers invalidate any routes associated with the peering session.   Each NOTIFICATION message contains a one-byte error code and a one-byte subcode, followed  by variable-length, error-specific d..

RSVP Overview

RSVP is a per-flow protocol that requests a bandwidth reservation from every node in the path of the flow. In its simplest form, RSVP is a unidirectional protocol, so if a bidirectional reservation is required for a flow, both endpoints must initiate a request for a reservation. Basic RSVP protocol operation is shown in Figure 8-1 and its configuration in Example 8-1. The endpoints, or other network devices on behalf of the endpoints, send unicast signaling messages to estab..

Changing the Number of VTYs

If you want to increase the number of VTY ports available on the router for remote access, create a reference to the additional lines in the configuration as follows: Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.Router1(config)#line vty 0 9Router1(config-line)#exitRouter1(config)#endRouter1# This command defines the characteristics for a range of VTY ports from 0 to 9. Since ports 0 to 4 exist by default, this has the effect of ..

Using eBGP Multihop

Cisco provides a useful option called eBGP Multihop, which allows you to establish eBGP peer relationships between routers that aren't directly connected to one another: Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z. Router1(config)#ip route 172.20.1.2 255.255.255.255 192.168.1.5 2 Router1(config)#router bgp 65500 Router1(config-router)#neighbor 172.20.1.2 remote-as 65530 Router1(config-router)#neighbor 172.20.1.2 update-source ..