MPLS Label Switching with Label Stack
The label switching operation is performed in the same way regardless of whether the labeled packet contains only one label or a label stack several labels deep. In both cases, the LSR switching the packet acts only on the top label in the stack, ignoring the other labels. This function enables a variety of MPLS applications where the edge routers can agree on packet classification rules and associated labels without knowledge of the core routers. For example, assume that the..
802 1x Port-Based Authentication Example
In Example 16-4, two RADIUS servers are located at 10.1.1.1 and 10.1.1.2. Switch ports Fast Ethernet 0/1 through 0/40 will use 802.1x for port-based authentication. When authenticated, the end users will be associated with VLAN 10.
Requirements for PPP over Frame Relay
The Request for Comments (RFC) document number 1661 (known as RFC 1661) outlines PPP as an industry standard protocol that supports router-to-router or host-to-network connections between point-to-point links. As a successor to the Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP), PPP was designed to work with several different network layer protocols, such as IP, IPX, and SNA. Unlike PPP, the legacy SLIP only supports IP. PPP has added security features, such as Challenge Handshake Aut..
Local Significance Approach to DLCI Assignment
Earlier chapters discussed the concept of DLCI local significance. In the context of local significance on a Frame Relay network, the end devices at two different ends of a connection can use a different DLCI to refer to that same connection. This section discusses setting up a Frame Relay DLCI addressing scheme using the local significance approach to DLCI assignment. Later in the section, an alternate addressing scheme using the global significance approach is examined. Glo..
Sometimes you need to connect your network to another network that uses an unregistered range, such as 172.16.0.0/16. However, if you already use this range in your network, the easiest thing to do is to simply replace this prefix with another one that doesn't have a conflict, such as 172.17.0.0/16: Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#ip nat outside source static network 172.16.0.0 172.17.0.0 /16 no-al..
