PIM-SM routers could continue forwarding packets via the PIM-SM two-step process, whereby sources send packets to the RP, and the RP sends them to all other routers using the RPT. However, one of the most fascinating aspects of PIM-SM operations is that each PIM-SM router can build the SPT between itself and the source of a multicast group and take advantage of the most efficient path available from the source to the router. In Figure 20-16, R4 is receiving the group traffi..
One of the most important concepts in OSPF is the existence of hierarchy and areas. OSPF allows collections of contiguous networks to be grouped together. Such a group, together with the routers maintaining interfaces to any of the included networks, is called an area. Each area runs a separate copy of the basic link-state routing algorithm. Rather than treating the entire autonomous system as a single link-state domain, the topology of an area can be hidden. It..
CB Policing Defaults for Bc and Be
If you do not configure a Bc value on the police command, then CB Policing configures a default value equivalent to the bytes that could be sent in 1/4 second at the defined policing rate. The formula is as follows: (CIR * 0.25 second) CIR Bc = —––––––––––––––– = –––—––––8 bits/byte 32 The only part that may not be obvious is the division by 8 on the left—that is simply for the conversion from bits to bytes. The math reduces ..
Viewing SDLC Status Information
You can get a lot of useful SDLC information simply by looking at the interface: Router>show int serial1 Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Description: Connection to three remote SDLC devices MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation SDLC, loopback not set Router link station role: PRIMARY (DCE) R..
To filter application data based on the time of day, use the following commands: Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router1(config)#time-range NOSURFRouter1(config-time-range)# periodic weekdays 9:00 to 17:00Router1(config-time-range)#exitRouter1(config)#ip access-list extended NOSURFINGRouter1(config-ext-nacl)# deny tcp any any eq www time-range NOSURFRouter1(config-ext-nacl)# permit ip any anyRouter1(con..
