Source-Based Distribution Trees
Dense-mode routing protocols are suitable for dense topology in which there are many multicast group members relative to the total number of hosts in a network. When a PIM-DM router receives a multicast packet, it first performs the RPF check. If the RPF check succeeds, the router forwards a copy of the packet to all the PIM neighbors except the one on which it received the packet. Each PIM-DM router repeats the process and floods the entire network with the group traffic. Ul..
RSVP-DiffServ integration provides a translation between RSVP and DiffServ technologies that is intended to leverage the strengths of each model. RSVP is used for bandwidth reservation at the edge of the network (where there are fewer flows and the most bandwidth constraints), but DiffServ is used over the backbone network so that the backbone routers do not have to keep per-flow states. This topology is shown in Figure 8-4. Figure 8-4. RSVP-DiffServ Integration [View full s..
If you want to increase the number of VTY ports available on the router for remote access, create a reference to the additional lines in the configuration as follows: Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router1(config)#line vty 0 9Router1(config-line)#exitRouter1(config)#endRouter1# This command defines the characteristics for a range of VTY ports from 0 to 9. Since ports 0 to 4 exist by default, this has the effect of ..
Multicast over Frame Relay or ATM WANs
When using PIM-SM on an nonbroadcast multiple access (NBMA) network, such as a Frame Relay or ATM WAN, you must configure the ip pim nbma-mode interface command: Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router1(config)#ip multicast-routing Router1(config)#interface Serial0/0 Router1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router1(config-if)#ip pim sparse-mode Router1(config-if)#ip pim nbma-mode Router1(config-if)#end ..
The static routes that we discussed in the previous section all had relatively low administrative distance values. If the router has two routes to the same destination but with different distances, it will always choose the one with the lower distance value. This concept also includes the routes that come from other sources, such as dynamic routing protocols. Every routing protocol has an administrative distance that indicates how much the router trusts the information it rec..
